The term “erectile dysfunction” is understood as insufficient stiffening of the penis, making sexual intercourse difficult or impossible. Almost one in five men experience the desired erection failing to materialize, once or multiple times during their lifetime. If the disorder persists over a longer period of time and no erection occurs even with frequent attempts, this is referred to medically as erectile dysfunction (ED). The frequency increases with age: About two percent of 40-year-olds are affected, but already 25 percent of men over 65.
Causes
Since an erection is caused by interactions between nerves, blood vessels, hormones and psychological factors, there are numerous possible causes of erectile dysfunction or impotence. These include low levels of hormones, calcification of arteries, cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, psychological problems such as depression, side effects of certain medications, and also excessive alcohol and cigarette consumption.
Diseases of the nervous system can also cause erectile dysfunction. Nervous impulses are crucial for the control of an erection. Frequently recurring or persistent erection problems may in some cases be an expression of a serious neurological disease, for example multiple sclerosis or injuries or diseases of the spinal cord.
Treatment
In many cases, a detailed medical consultation in conjunction with an examination can narrow down the causes of erectile dysfunction and open up possibilities for treatment. Since there are many possible causes of erectile problems, the exact diagnosis can only be made after a detailed examination. To accurately determine the causes of erectile dysfunction, an examination by a urologist is often necessary. In many cases, however, they also need to be examined by a neurologist, especially if the symptom occurs in connection with complaints such as dizziness, numbness or arm or leg weakness, or movement disorders.